VoIP in Mobile Phones

Today is the world of mobility. Only thing is that is true mobile is Mobile Phoens. Calling from mobile phones are much expencive. Cheapest calling method is pc to pc calling. It wont cost anything because it VoIP. In this semianr we look into implementing VoIP in mobile phones. The diffrent network like GPRS/EDGE, Bluetooth, WiFi etc are common in mobile phone. We look into each and advanteages and disadvantages of each.

VIRTUAL SURGERY

Virtual surgery is a computer based simulated surgery, which can teach the surgeons new procedures and can determine their level of competence before they operate on patients. Virtual surgery is based on the concept of virtual reality.A simulated model of the human autonomy which look, feel and respond like a real human body is created for the surgeon to operate on.The virtual reality simulators consists of force feed back devices,a real time hapticcomputer, haptic software ,dynamic simulator and 3D-graphics.Using the 3D visualization technologies and thehaptic devices a surgery can be performed which enable the surgeon to reach into the virtual patient with their hands to touch, feel, grasp and manipulate the simulated organs.

VoIP in Mobile Phones

Today is the world of mobility. Only thing is that is true mobile is Mobile Phoens. Calling from mobile phones are much expencive. Cheapest calling method is pc to pc calling. It wont cost anything because it VoIP. In this semianr we look into implementing VoIP in mobile phones. The diffrent network like GPRS/EDGE, Bluetooth, WiFi etc are common in mobile phone. We look into each and advanteages and disadvantages of each.

Virtual Keyboard

A virtual keyboard is actually a key-in device, roughly a size of a fountain pen, which uses highly advanced laser technology, to project a full sized keyboard on to a flat surface. Since the invention of computers they had undergone rapid miniaturization. Disks and components grew smaller in size, but only component remained same for decades – its keyboard. Since miniaturization of a traditional keyboard is very difficult we go for virtual keyboard. Here, a camera tracks the finger movements of the typist to get the correct keystroke. A virtual keyboard is a keyboard that a user operates by typing on or within a wireless or optical – detectable surface or area rather than by depressing physical keys.


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VOICE MORPHING

Voice morphing means the transition of one speech signal into another. Voice Morphing which is also referred to as voice transformation and voice conversion is a technique to modify a source speaker\'s speech utterance to sound as if it was spoken by a target speaker. Voice morphing is a technique for modifying a source speaker\'s speech to sound as if it was spoken by some designated target speaker. The core process in a voice morphing system is the transformation of the spectral envelope of the source speaker to match that of the target speaker and linear transformations estimated from time-aligned parallel training data are commonly used to achieve this. Speech morphing is analogous to image morphing. In image morphing the in-between images all show one face smoothly changing its shape and texture until it turns into the target face. It is this feature that a speech morph should possess. One speech signal should smoothly change into another, keeping the shared characteristics of the starting and ending signals but smoothly changing the other properties. The major properties of concern as far as a speech signal is concerned are its pitch and envelope information. These two reside in a convolved form in a speech signal. Hence some efficient method for extracting each of these is necessary. We have adopted an uncomplicated approach namely cepstral analysis to do the same. Pitch and formant information in each signal is extracted using the cepstral approach.

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Virtual Retinal Display

Information displays are the primary medium through which text and images generated by computer and other electronic systems are delivered to end-users. While early computer systems were designed and used for tasks that involved little interactions between the user and the computer, today's graphical and multimedia information and computing environments require information displays that have higher performance, smaller size and lower cost.

The market for display technologies also has been stimulated by the increasing popularity of hand-held computers, personal digital assistants and cellular phones; interest in simulated environments and augmented reality systems; and the recognition that an improved means of connecting people and machines can increase productivity and enhance the enjoyment of electronic entertainment and learning experiences.

For decades, the cathode ray tube has been the dominant display device. The cathode ray tube creates an image by scanning a beam of electrons across a phosphor-coated screen, causing the phosphors to emit visible light. The beam is generated by an electron gun and is passed through a deflection system that scans the beam rapidly left to right and top to bottom, a process called Rastering. A magnetic lens focuses the beam to create a small moving dot on the phosphor screen. It is these rapidly moving spots of light ("pixels") that raster or "paint" the image on the surface of the viewing screen. Flat panel displays are enjoying widespread use in portable computers, calculators and other personal electronics devices. Flat panel displays can consist of hundreds of thousands of pixels, each of which is formed by one or more transistors acting on a crystalline material.

In recent years, as the computer and electronics industries have made substantial advances in miniaturization, manufacturers have sought lighter weight, lower power and more cost-effective displays to enable the development of smaller portable computers and other electronic devices. Flat panel technologies have made meaningful advances in these areas. Both cathode ray tubes and flat panel display technologies, however, pose difficult engineering and fabrication problems for more highly miniaturized, high-resolution displays because of inherent constraints in size, weight, cost and power consumption. In addition, both cathode ray tubes and flat panel display are difficult to see outdoors or in other setting where the ambient light is brighter than the light emitted from the screen. Display mobility is also limited by size, brightness and power consumption.


As display technologies attempt to keep pace with miniaturization and other advances in information delivery systems, conventional cathode ray tube and flat panel technologies will no longer be able to provide an acceptable range of performance characteristics, particularly the combination of high resolution, high level of brightness and low power consumption, required for state-of-the-art mobile computing or personal electronic devices.