Molecular Electronics:A new technology competitive to semiconductor technology

Semiconductor integration beyond Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI), through conventional electronic technology facing some problems with fundamental physical limitations. Beyond ULSI, a new technology may become competitive to semiconductor technology. This new technology is known is as Molecular Electronics.

Molecular based electronics can overcome the fundamental physical and economic issues limiting Si technology. Here, molecules will be used in place of semiconductor, creating electronic circuit small that their size will be measured in atoms. By using molecular scale technology, we can realize molecular AND gates, OR gates, XOR gates etc.

The dramatic reduction in size, and the sheer enormity of numbers in manufacture, are the principle benefits promised by the field of molecular electronics

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI):most modern scanning techniques

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most modern techniques which uses the principle of magnetic resonance to create the images of body parts for diagnostic purposes. When the resonating magnetic object is a an automatic nucleus, it is called nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) the use of NMR to produce images of the body is called magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Magnetic nuclei in the human body act like tiny bar magnets with north and south poles. When the body is placed in a large magnetic field, these bar magnet 1ine with the external magnetic field. Then by passing a radio frequency pulse through the body some of these little magnets absorb energy and change direction. When the radio waves are turned of, the body’s nuclei return to the original orientation releasing the absorbed energy and this is processed by a computer in to image.

Maglev: A combination of super conducting magnets and linear motor technology

Ever since the discovery of the wheel, man has been in constant pursuit to achieve better and faster means of transportation. Maglev means magnetic levitation. It is the system which magnetically levitates the vehicle. These ultra high speed trains are acting as an indispossible resource to make the world smaller.

Maglev is a generic term for a family of technologies in which a vehicle is suspended, Guided and propelled by magnetic forces. the basic idea of a maglev is to levitate it with magnetic fields. So there is no physical contacts between the train and rails. Recent developments in cryogenics, superconductivity, power electronics, aerodynamics and vehicle dynamics has led to a renewed. Maglev can move people and goods with much mobility and speed, using much less energy at lower cost and with greatly reduced pollution compared to the existing modes of transport.